1979–1983 · Civilian

Shehu Shagari

The party ends: the oil money runs short, and the government cuts imports and travel money overnight.

Scorecard Draft

In office 1979-10-01 to 1983-12-31 · scored years: 1980-1983 (4). How we score · Public review

Composite score31/100Draft, open for public reviewEconomic outcomes 50%, policy credibility 25%, institutional reforms 25%.
Oil contextOil tailwind (+102%)Average $33.82 a barrel in 1980-1983 vs $16.78 before (1975-1979). Shown for context; the score is not adjusted for oil. [EI_OIL]
Data flags
  • Debt external debt/GDP used (not comparable)

Economic outcomes 50%

32/100 Draft

Computed from World Bank WDI and IMF data.

Indicator scores (0 to 100), 1980-1983 (4)
IndicatorMeasuredScore
Inflation15.42% a year on average65
Growth-6.66% a year on average0
Naira stabilityOfficial rate 0.5468 -> 0.7244 (₦ per $); 9.83% a year61
Public debtWDI external debt/GDP (not comparable with the IMF general-government series): 13.9 -> 18.1% of GDP; 1.39 pp a year32
Reserves1.01 months of imports at the end0

Evidence: method, Pillar A · sources

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Policy credibility 25%

1.5/4 (37.5/100) Draft, open for public review

1.5/4 (Q1 0; Q2 0; Q3 1; Q4 0.5). Central-bank-financed deficits and a 64-70% parallel premium. The Green Revolution lasted, but budgets were cut mid-year by the 1982 Act.

  1. Avoided central-bank financing of deficits beyond the legal limit? 0

    No. The deficit was financed by central-bank credit: credit to government rose by over 70% from early 1983 to end-1984 (World Bank 1994, para 6.22). [WB_SAP_PARAS]

  2. Avoided multiple official exchange rates and a large, persistent parallel premium? 0

    No. Parallel premium 63.6% (1980) and 70.1% (1982) (CBN Bullion). Import licences were used to ration FX. [CBN_BULLION_2006] [NN_AUSTERE_1982]

  3. Major announced reforms survived 12+ months without reversal? 1

    The Green Revolution (May 1980) ran to the end of the government. The 1982 Stabilisation Act was temporary by design. [nn800523] [NN_AUSTERE_1982]

  4. Budgets broadly implemented as passed? 0.5 Disputed

    Disputed. Budgets were cut mid-year by the 1982 Economic Stabilisation (Temporary Provisions) Act, and states reported collapsing finances (Kano 1982). These were legislated changes rather than plain non-execution. [NN_AUSTERE_1982] [YB1982_KANO]

Evidence: method, Pillar B · sources

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Institutional reforms 25%

1/4 (25/100) Draft, open for public review

1 durable reform.

Counted

  • 22 Jan 1982 Allocation of Revenue (Federation Account, etc.) Act 1982 (No. 1): the revenue-sharing law, still Cap A15 in the 2004 Laws of the Federation. [ALLOC_1982]

Evidence: method, Pillar C · sources

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Sources for this card (13)
  1. ALLOC_1982 LawNigeria, 'Allocation of Revenue (Federation Account, etc.) Act' (1982 No. 1; commencement 22 Jan 1982; Cap A15 LFN 2004) (2025-01-20) accessed 2026-10-02
  2. CBN_BULLION_2006 CBN Bullion Vol. 30 No. 3 (Jul-Sep 2006), Table 1: official vs parallel N/$ and parallel premium (%), 1973-2002 (2006) accessed 2026-10-02; PDF text checked
  3. EI_OIL Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy 2026 via Our World in Data, annual crude price (nominal US$/m3; divided by 6.2898 to get US$/bbl) (2026)
  4. KRUGMAN_TAYLOR_1978 Paul Krugman & Lance Taylor, 'Contractionary effects of devaluation', Journal of International Economics 8(3), 1978, pp.445-456 (RePEc record) (1978)
  5. NN_AUSTERE_1982 New Nigerian, 21 Apr 1982, p.1 'Nation Goes Austere' (Economic Stabilisation Act; OCR) (1982-04-21)
  6. WB_SAP_PARAS World Bank Report 13053-UNI, 'Nigeria: Structural Adjustment Program - Policies, Implementation, and Impact' (13 May 1994), paras 1.17, 1.21, 2.2, 3.18 and Table 3.7, 4.27, 4.59-4.60, 6.22-6.23, Statistical Table 9 (OCR text) (1994-05-13) OCR text checked on 2026-10-02
  7. WDI_CPI_1960 World Bank WDI API, FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG, Nigeria, 1960-2025 (last updated 2026-07-13) (2026-07-13) live pull saved 2026-10-02
  8. WDI_EXTDEBT_1970 World Bank WDI API, DT.DOD.DECT.CD (external debt stocks, US$) / NY.GDP.MKTP.CD (GDP, US$), Nigeria, 1970-2024 (last updated 2026-07-13) (2026-07-13) live pull saved 2026-10-02
  9. WDI_FX_1960 World Bank WDI API, PA.NUS.FCRF (official exchange rate, LCU per US$, period average; pre-1973 values in naira-equivalent units), Nigeria, 1960-2025 (last updated 2026-07-13) (2026-07-13) live pull saved 2026-10-02
  10. WDI_GDP_1960 World Bank WDI API, NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG, Nigeria, 1961-2025 (last updated 2026-07-13) (2026-07-13) live pull saved 2026-10-02
  11. WDI_RESMO_1960 World Bank WDI API, FI.RES.TOTL.MO (total reserves in months of imports), Nigeria, 1977-2025 (last updated 2026-07-13) (2026-07-13) live pull saved 2026-10-02
  12. YB1982_KANO Daily Times, Nigeria Year Book 1982, pp.215-216: Kano State 1982 budget address by Gov. Abubakar Rimi (archive.org, n216; OCR) (1982)
  13. nn800523 New Nigerian, 23 May 1980, p.23 (Green Revolution food target; OCR)